{"id":1064,"date":"2024-10-16T10:18:30","date_gmt":"2024-10-16T07:18:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aristov.tech\/blog\/?p=1064"},"modified":"2024-10-16T10:18:34","modified_gmt":"2024-10-16T07:18:34","slug":"join-v-postgresql","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/aristov.tech\/blog\/join-v-postgresql\/","title":{"rendered":"JOIN \u0432 PostgreSQL"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u00a020 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e<\/a>\u00a0\u0438\u0437 30 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u00a0\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 SQL c 0<\/a>\u00a0\u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 RUTUBE<\/a> \u0438 VK \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 PostgreSQL: SELECT<\/a>, ALTER&DROP<\/a>, WHERE<\/a>, UPDATE<\/a>, INSERT<\/a>, MERGE<\/a>, DELETE<\/a>. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c JOIN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

JOIN \u2013 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432 SQL-\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0435. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u043f\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043e\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u044f\u043c (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043c\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044e, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0438\u043d\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u0445\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445 \u0432 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u043d\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438<\/a>). \u0414\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0430\u043c, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0437\u0430\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SQL JOIN \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0444\u0438\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0440 \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a\u0430 \u0432 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0435 \u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445, \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044f\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0437\u0430\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0432\u044f\u0437\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0436\u0434\u0443 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u043b\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0411\u0414 \u0438 \u0438\u0445 \u043e\u0442\u043b\u0438\u0447\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0442\u044b (ID, \u043d\u043e\u043c\u0435\u0440 \u0434\u043e\u043a\u0443\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430 \u0438 \u0442. \u0434.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412\u0438\u0434\u044b JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0412\u0438\u0434\u044b JOIN \u043d\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f\u043c \u043d\u0430\u0434 \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430\u043c\u0438. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0434\u0438\u0430\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043c\u043c\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0412\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e. \u041f\u043e\u0434\u0440\u043e\u0431\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432 \u043c\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435.<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441 JOIN:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM <\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 1>\n[INNER]\n{{LEFT | RIGHT | FULL } [OUTER]} JOIN<\/a> <\u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 2>\n[ON <\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442>]\n[WHERE <\u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0442>]<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b (SELECT).  \u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0438\u0434 JOIN (INNER, LEFT, RIGHT, FULL). \u0423\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 (ON), \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u044b (\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438 — \u044d\u0442\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438). \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0431\u043e\u0440\u0430 (WHERE).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0412\u0430\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u0447\u0442\u043e PostgreSQL \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f (\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441), \u043d\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u043a\u0443. \u041f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0440\u0440\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f — \u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044e \u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0440\u0430\u0431\u043e\u0442\u0447\u0438\u043a\u0430 (\u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043f\u043e\u043f\u044b\u0442\u043a\u0430 JOIN \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0435\u043a\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445\u0441\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043a).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
INNER JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 JOIN — INNER JOIN — \u0432\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0412 \u0438\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0442.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM A\nINNER JOIN B\n    ON A.ID=B.FK_A<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u041a\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    ON A.KEY=B.KEY<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u041d\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044b\u0447\u043d\u043e JOIN \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0441\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043f\u043e \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0447\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410 \u0438 \u0432\u043d\u0435\u0448\u043d\u0435\u043c\u0443 \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0443 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b B.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0433\u0438\u0444\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044e \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u0441 \u0433\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0430\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0413\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0438\u043b\u043b\u044b. \u0421\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043d\u0438\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u0430\u044f \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u0447\u043a\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433 \u0441 \u0434\u0440\u0443\u0433\u043e\u043c \u0438 \u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0438\u0440\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0430\u044f \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u043b\u044e\u0447\u0435\u0439:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e INNER \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043e, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u043e\u043d\u043e \u044f\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f DEFAULT \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b JOIN. \u041d\u043e \u0440\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0435\u0433\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u043e \u0438\u0437\u0431\u0435\u0436\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0443\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0446\u044b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c INNER JOIN \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432. \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b — \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410, \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f — \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0412. \u0423\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0435 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f — \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0451\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b, \u043e\u043d \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443. \u0414\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e — \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0430\u043b.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CREATE TABLE tables (\n    color text, \n    type_table text\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0421\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CREATE TABLE chairs (\n    color text, \n    type_chair text\n);<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
INSERT INTO tables VALUES \n    ('white', 'classic'),\n    ('black', 'classic');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0412\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
INSERT INTO chairs VALUES \n    ('white', 'plastic'),\n    ('blue', 'plastic');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u0435\u043c INNER JOIN \u0432 2 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0445 — \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0438\u043d\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\nJOIN chairs b\n  ON a.color = b.color;\n\nSELECT *\nFROM tables a\nINNER JOIN chairs b\n  ON a.color = b.color;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0422\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
INSERT INTO tables VALUES \n    ('white', 'classic'),\n    ('black', 'classic');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0418 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0421\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
INSERT INTO chairs VALUES \n    ('white', 'plastic'),\n    ('blue', 'plastic');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 JOIN:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\n--INNER JOIN chairs b\nJOIN chairs b\n    ON a.color = b.color;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b (\u0414\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u043f\u043e \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
LEFT JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041d\u0435 \u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043f\u0443\u043b\u044f\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434 JOIN — LEFT JOIN — \u043b\u0435\u0432\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043d\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435. \u0421\u0443\u043c\u043c\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e LEFT JOIN \u0438 INNER JOIN \u0441\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0442 \u043e\u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e 99% \u043e\u0442 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 JOIN. \u041e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0432\u043d\u0438\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u043e OUTER — \u043e\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0447\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u043b\u0438\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u0438 \u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u043c\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043a\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c. \u0420\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0434\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f — \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u043a\u0430\u0437\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM A\nLEFT<\/strong> OUTER<\/em> JOIN B\n    ON A.ID=B.FK_A<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
LEFT JOIN — \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0448\u0438\u0440\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043d\u0442 INNER JOIN. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0443\u0449\u0435\u043d \u043f\u043e\u0438\u0441\u043a \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0439 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0412 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410. \u041e\u0434\u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e \u0434\u0430\u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0410, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0412, \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u0434\u043e\u0431\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0443\u044e \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435\u043c NULL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0420\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f\u0445. \u0421\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b — \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430 \u0410, \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0435\u0451 \u043c\u044b \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u041a \u0431\u0435\u043b\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0443 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043b\u0441\u044f \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b, \u0430 \u043a \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0448\u043b\u043e\u0441\u044c \u043d\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0433\u043e, \u043f\u043e\u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c\u0443 \u043e\u043d \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0435 \u0441 NULL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0442\u0435 \u0436\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u043e \u0434\u0432\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438 \u0432 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0439:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CREATE TABLE tables (\n    color text, \n    type_table text\n);\nCREATE TABLE chairs (\n    color text, \n    type_chair text\n);\nINSERT INTO tables VALUES \n    ('white', 'classic'),\n    ('black', 'classic');\nINSERT INTO chairs VALUES \n    ('white', 'plastic'),\n    ('blue', 'plastic');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043c LEFT JOIN, \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u0438\u043d\u043a\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0448\u0435:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\n--LEFT JOIN chairs b\nLEFT OUTER JOIN chairs b\n    ON a.color = b.color;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
LEFT JOIN with NULL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM A\nLEFT OUTER JOIN B\n    ON A.ID=B.FK_A\nWHERE B.FK_A is NULL<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u0412\u044b\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0441\u043e\u043e\u0442\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435 \u0412.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u043e\u0449\u044c\u044e \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0421\u043a\u043b\u0430\u0434 \u0438 \u041e\u0442\u0434\u0435\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436, \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0432 \u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0440\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043d\u0438 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0443 \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u044f \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0421\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0438 \u0438 \u0417\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0442\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u043a \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u043c \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u0430.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0412\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c LEFT JOIN with NULL \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u0445:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\nLEFT JOIN chairs b\n    ON a.color = b.color\nWHERE b.color is NULL;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
RIGHT JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM A\nRIGHT OUTER JOIN B\n    ON A.ID=B.FK_A<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
RIGHT JOIN \u0430\u043d\u0430\u043b\u043e\u0433\u0438\u0447\u0435\u043d LEFT JOIN, \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435 \u0431\u0435\u0440\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0412, \u0430 \u043a \u043d\u0438\u043c \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0438\u0449\u0443\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u0410. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u043e\u0442\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0438\u0438 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432 \u043f\u0430\u0440\u0443 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u044b\u0432\u0430\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f NULL.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
RIGHT JOIN \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f<\/strong>, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u043a\u0430\u043a \u044d\u0442\u043e \u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0436\u0435 LEFT JOIN, \u043d\u043e \u0441 \u043f\u043e\u043c\u0435\u043d\u044f\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0410 \u0438 \u0412.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
FULL JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>\nFROM A\nFULL OUTER JOIN B\n    ON A.KEY=B.KEY<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
FULL JOIN \u043f\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u044f\u0435\u0442 \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0442\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0410, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0412. \u0422\u043e \u0435\u0441\u0442\u044c \u0432 \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0438\u0440\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0431\u043e\u0440\u043a\u0435 \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0443\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0443\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0435\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0420\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c FULL JOIN \u043a \u0441\u0443\u0449\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0443\u044e\u0449\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0430\u043c:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\nFULL JOIN chairs b\n    ON a.color = b.color;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
FULL JOIN with NULL<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f>
FROM A
FULL OUTER JOIN B
    ON A.KEY=B.KEY
WHERE A.KEY is NULL OR B.KEY is NULL<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
FULL JOIN with NULL \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u043d\u0435\u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435 \u044d\u043b\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0442\u044b \u0438\u0437 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0441\u0435\u0440\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0430. \u0410 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u043e\u0432 \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u041c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0430, \u0443 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0435\u0439\u0447\u0430\u0441 \u043d\u0435\u0442 \u0437\u0430\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0430 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d \u0438\u0437 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u041c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0435\u0449\u0451 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d \u043c\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u0440.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0412 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f\u043c\u0438 FULL JOIN with NULL \u043d\u0430\u0439\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u0441\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u044b, \u0442\u0430\u043a \u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u043c\u043f\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u044f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043c \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0443:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\nFULL JOIN chairs b\n    ON a.color = b.color\nWHERE a.color is NULL or b.color is NULL;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
CROSS JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f A>, <\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044f B>\nFROM A\nCROSS JOIN B<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
CROSS JOIN \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u0435\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0441\u0435\u0431\u044f \u0414\u0435\u043a\u0430\u0440\u0442\u043e\u0432\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 (\u0432\u0441\u0435 \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0431\u0435\u0437 \u0443\u0441\u043b\u043e\u0432\u0438\u0439).<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CROSS JOIN \u043c\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0442 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d, \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440, \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0441\u043e\u0440\u0435\u0432\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0439 — \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0438\u0437 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d \u0441\u044b\u0433\u0440\u0430\u0442\u044c \u0441 \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u043c \u0438\u0437 \u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0414\u043b\u044f \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0432 \u0438 \u0441\u0442\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0435\u0432 CROSS JOIN \u0432\u044b\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434\u0438\u0442 \u0442\u0430\u043a:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0430 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043d\u0430\u0448\u0438\u0445 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables a\nCROSS JOIN chairs b;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u041c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0437\u0430\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0438\u0442\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e \u0440\u0435\u0437\u0443\u043b\u044c\u0442\u0430\u0442 CROSS JOIN \u0441\u043e\u0432\u043f\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0435\u0442 \u0441 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u043e\u043c, \u0433\u0434\u0435 \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u044b \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044b \u0447\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0437 \u0437\u0430\u043f\u044f\u0442\u0443\u044e (\u043d\u0435 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441):<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *\nFROM tables, chairs;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
LATERAL JOIN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
LATERAL JOIN — \u043e\u0431\u044a\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0441 \u0437\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0441\u0438\u043c\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0434\u0437\u0430\u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT <target list>
FROM <table>
JOIN LATERAL
(<subquery using table.column>) as foo;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u0421\u043e\u0437\u0434\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043c \u0442\u0430\u0431\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0443 \u0441 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0430\u043c\u0438 (\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438), \u0437\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043c \u0435\u0451 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u0447\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\u043c\u0438:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
CREATE TABLE test (\n  id int,\n  user_id int,\n  created_date date\n);\nINSERT INTO test VALUES \n    (1, 1, date'2023-01-01'), \n    (2, 1, date'2023-03-02'), \n    (3, 1, date'2023-04-11'), \n    (4, 2, date'2023-04-02'), \n    (5, 2, date'2023-06-15'), \n    (6, 3, date'2023-07-12');<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0423\u0437\u043d\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0434\u0430\u0442\u0443 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 (\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0438 \u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0435) \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u0434\u043b\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u043e\u0432\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044f:<\/p>\n\n\n\n
SELECT *
FROM (
    SELECT user_id, min(created_date) AS first_order
    FROM test
    GROUP BY user_id
) s1
LEFT JOIN LATERAL (
    SELECT id, created_date AS last_order
    FROM test
    WHERE user_id = s1.user_id
    AND created_date > first_order
    ORDER BY created_date
    LIMIT 1
) s2
    ON TRUE;<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n\n\n\n
\u0414\u043e\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0430\u043b \u043f\u0440\u043e LATERAL JOIN<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u041f\u0440\u0435\u0437\u0435\u043d\u0442\u0430\u0446\u0438\u044f \u043a \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n
21 \u0438\u0437 30 \u0442\u0435\u043c \u0431\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0442 \u0441\u043a\u043e\u0440\u043e \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430. \u0415\u0441\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u044b \u0445\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0442\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f \u2013 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0441\u043e\u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u044f\u0439\u0442\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a \u043e\u043d\u043b\u0430\u0439\u043d \u0433\u0440\u0443\u043f\u043f\u0435, \u0441\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0430 \u0434\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0443\u043f\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043e\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u0421\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f \u043e\u0441\u043d\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043d\u0430 \u043d\u0430\u00a020 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e\u00a0\u0438\u0437 30 \u0442\u0435\u043c\u00a0\u043a\u0443\u0440\u0441\u0430 SQL c 0\u00a0\u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0421\u0441\u044b\u043b\u043a\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430\u0445 RUTUBE \u0438 VK \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043e. \u0412 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0448\u043b\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u044f\u0445 \u043c\u044b \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0435\u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434\u044b \u0432 PostgreSQL: SELECT, ALTER&DROP, WHERE, UPDATE, INSERT, MERGE, DELETE. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0438\u043c JOIN. JOIN \u2013 \u043e\u0434\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0437 \u043d\u0430\u0438\u0431\u043e\u043b\u0435\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043e \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u043c\u044b\u0445 \u043a\u043e\u043c\u0430\u043d\u0434 \u0432 SQL-\u0441\u0438\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043a\u0441\u0438\u0441\u0435. \u041e\u043d\u0430 \u0438\u0441\u043f\u043e\u043b\u044c\u0437\u0443\u0435\u0442\u0441\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[204,194],"tags":[285,283,197,287,286,281,16,282,66],"class_list":["post-1064","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kurs-sql-s-0","category-obuchenie-postgresql","tag-full-join","tag-inner-join","tag-join","tag-join-with-null","tag-lateral-join","tag-left-join","tag-postgresql","tag-right-join","tag-obuchenie"],"yoast_head":"\nJOIN \u0432 PostgreSQL - \u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b JOIN \u0432 PostgreSQL: RIGHT JOIN, LEFT JOIN, FULL JOIN, CROSS JOIN, LATERAL JOIN, JOIN with NULL.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/aristov.tech\/blog\/join-v-postgresql\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ru_RU\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"JOIN \u0432 PostgreSQL - \u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u0412 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u044c\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0431\u0438\u0440\u0430\u0435\u043c \u0432\u0438\u0434\u044b JOIN \u0432 PostgreSQL: RIGHT JOIN, LEFT JOIN, FULL JOIN, CROSS JOIN, LATERAL JOIN, JOIN with NULL.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/aristov.tech\/blog\/join-v-postgresql\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\u0411\u043b\u043e\u0433 \u043f\u043e \u0430\u0440\u0445\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0443\u0440\u0435 \u0438 \u043e\u043f\u0442\u0438\u043c\u0438\u0437\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438 PostgreSQL \u043e\u0442 \u0410\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0432\u0430 \u0415\u0432\u0433\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-16T07:18:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-10-16T07:18:34+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/aristov.tech\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/image-63.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"900\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Maria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u041d\u0430\u043f\u0438\u0441\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0430\u0432\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u043c\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Maria\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u041f\u0440\u0438\u043c\u0435\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u044f \u0434\u043b\u044f \u0447\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"11 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